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Plant families: Santalaceae-Zygophyllaceae

• Santalaceae
• Thesium,humile, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Thesium,humile, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Sapindaceae
• Alectryon,tomentosus,,woolly rambutan,X,G,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Cardiospermum,grandiflorum,,showy balloonvine,HX,NL,NSW,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Cardiospermum,grandiflorum, ,Balloon Vine ,,,,Major WeedVINES.,,"Environmental Weeds Of North Coast NSW, John Nagle, Greening Australia, 1995"
• Cardiospermum,grandiflorum, ,balloon vine,,,,"Woody SpeciesInvades: forest margins, watercourses, urban open spaces, in subtropical regions.Cultivated for: ornament",Origin: tropical America,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Cardiospermum,grandiflorum, ,balloon vine,,,,"Woody SpeciesInvades: forest margins, watercourses, urban open spaces, in subtropical regions.Cultivated for: ornament",Origin: tropical America,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Cardiospermum,grandiflorum, ,Balloon Vine ,,,,Major WeedVines.,,"Rainforest Weeds, John Nagle, Greening Australia, 1995"
• Cardiospermum,grandiflorum, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Cardiospermum,halicacabum, ,balloon vine,,,,"Africa, hilly slopes",Cook Islands; Fiji; French Polynesia; Niue; Solomon Islands; Vanuatu ,""Weeds of Agriculture and Plantation Foresty in the Southern and Western Pacific", D.F Waterhouse"
• Cardiospermum,halicacabum,,"love in a puff, balloon vine",H,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Cardiospermum,halicacabum,,,X,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Cardiospermum,halicacabum, ,heart pea or balloon vine,,,,"Woody SpeciesInvades: forest margins, woodland, grassland, riverbanks, kloofs, floodplains, rocky sites.Cultivated for: ornament",Origin: N & tropical America,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Cardiospermum,halicacabum, ,heart pea or balloon vine,,,,"Woody SpeciesInvades: forest margins, woodland, grassland, riverbanks, kloofs, floodplains, rocky sites.Cultivated for: ornament",Origin: N & tropical America,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Cardiospermum,halicacabum, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Cardiospermum,halicacabum, ,balloonvine,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Cardiospermum,halicacabum,,balloonvine,,,,"RANK 3. "LESSER THREAT"Exotic plant species which seem to principally spread and remain in disturbed corridors, not readily invading natural areas; also some agronomic weeds.",,Invasive Exotic Pest Plants in Tennessee
• Cupaniopsis,anacardioides, ,carrotwood,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Cupaniopsis,anacardioides,,carrotwood,,,,"Catergory I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographical range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.",,List of Florida's Most Invasive Species - Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council
• Dodonaea,viscosa,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Koelreuteria,elegans,K. paniculata,"Chinese rain tree, flame gold, golden rain tree",XS,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Koelreuteria,elegans,,golden shower tree,,,,"Catergory II - Species that shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Catergory I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities. ",,List of Florida's Most Invasive Species - Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council
• Melicoccus,bijugatus, ,Spanish lime,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Serjania,exarata,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Sapotaceae
• Bumelia,lanuginosa, ,gum bumelia,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Bumelia,lycioides, ,buckthorn bumelia,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Manilkara,zapota, ,sapodilla,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
  Pouteria,campechiana, ,"canistel, yellow sapote",,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Pouteria,dominigensis, ,dominican pouteria,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Saururaceae
• Anemopsis,californica, ,yerba mansa,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Houttuynia,cordata, ,,,,,annual sub-dominance , Shizuoka Upland Japan ,Weeds and Weed Control in Asia
• Houttuynia,cordata, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Saururus,cernuus, ,lizardtail,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Saxifragaceae
• Heuchera,americana, ,,,,,47% germ at 20-25C in diffuse light in 15-38days,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Hydrangea,arborescens, ,smooth hydrangea,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Hydrangea,quercifolia, ,oakleaf hydrangea,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Parnassia,palustris, ,northern grass of Parnassus,,,,seeds germ in 1st spring; seeds placed in germinator exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors until germ; 86% germ,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Saxifraga,granulata, ,,,,,98% germ at once or soon after harvest; seeds placed in germinator exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Saxifraga,oppositifolia, ,,,,,vegetative propagation by adventitious roots; seedlings not observed in nature in Britian; seeds tested on filter paper in lab very low & poor germ,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Saxifraga,rhomboidea, ,,,,,"fresh seed highly dormant; 18mths air-dry storage at 18C, 21% germ in dark at 18C; various treatments & combinations of treatments failed to hasten the breaking of dormancy",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Saxifraga,spp., ,,,,,"a detailed account of taxonomy, biology & ecology of 4 mossy species Saxifraga cespitosa, S. hartii, S. hypnoides & S. rosacea",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Saxifraga,tridactylites, ,Rue Leaved Saxifrage,,,,,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Saxifraga,tridactylites, ,Rue Leaved Saxifrage,,,,,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Schizaeaceae
• Lygodium,japonicum,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Lygodium,japonicum, ,Japanese climbing fern,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Lygodium,japonicum,,Japanese climbing fern,,,,"Catergory I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographical range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.",,List of Florida's Most Invasive Species - Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council
• Lygodium,microphyllum, ,old world climbing fern,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Lygodium,microphyllum,,Old World climbing fern,,,,"Catergory I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographical range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.",,List of Florida's Most Invasive Species - Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council
• Lygodium,scandens, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Lygodium,scandens, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Scrophulariaceae
• Angelonia,salicariifolia,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Antirrhinum,orontium, ,,,,,fresh seed starts germ immediately at room temp; no dormancy,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Antirrhinum,orontium,syn Misopates orontium,"Snapdragon, Calf's snout",,,,"gardens, orchards, fields","Medit, Eru, W & C Asia","The Weed Flora of Egypt Boulos, L., & Nabil el-Hadidi, M"
• Artanema,longifolium,"syn Artanema longiflorum, A. sesamoides, Diceros longifolius, Sesamum javanicum",,,,,"on soggy grassland, along watercourses, on field dikes; from 0-250m alt;flowers in Java from May-Dec; rainfed, lebak & tidal rice fields, a weed of minor importance, ","Amer or subtropical Afr, throughout Indonesia, except the Lesser Sunda Islands & the Moluccas, as far as known","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Bacopa,amplexicaulis, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Bacopa,caroliniana, ,,,,,Region of origin - SE USA; Extent of spread - localised; Means of spread - ornamental,,CRC for Weeds Tech Series Report # 3
• Bacopa,caroliniana,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Bacopa,caroliniana, ,Carolina waterhyssop,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Bacopa,crenata, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Bacopa,crenata, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Bacopa,eisenii, ,Eisen waterhyssop,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Bacopa,erecta, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Bacopa,erecta, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Bacopa,monnieri,"syn Herpestis monnieria, Herpestis spathulata",,,,,"moist or soggy sites, especially on saline or akaline soils, often near the sea, soggy grasslands, in pools; often abundant; from 0-300m alt; flowers throughout the year; lowland-irrigated & rainfed rice fields, a weed of minor importance, ","tropical Asia, in Indonesia: so far found in Java, Kangean Island & Lombok","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Bacopa,procumbens,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Bacopa,procumbens,"syn Bacopa chamaedryoides; Erinus procumbens, Herpestis chamaedryoides",,,,,"soggy sites & borders of drains, disturbed lands & heavily grazed grasslands; up to 1900m alt; flowers throughout the year; rainfed rice fields, a weed of minor importance, ","tropical Amer, spreading slowly; was found for the first time in 1907 near Bogor (W.Java); also found in Irian Jaya","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Bacopa,rotundifolia,syn ,,,,,"in shallow water or floating in mats; in & near lakes, ponds, pools, marshes, ditches; rooting in the mud; up to 700m alt; lowland-irrigated & rainfed rice fields, a weed of minor importance, ","southeastern USA, in Indonesia: Java & Sulawesi, as far as known","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Bacopa ,floribunda,"syn Herpestis floribunda, Mella floribunda",,,,,"in soggy or moist sites, but also in desiccated fallow fields; often abundant; rarely in dry riverbeds & in & along pools; from 0-1300m alt; lowland-irrigated & rainfed rice fields, a weed of minor importance, ","tropical Asia, throughout Indonesia, except Kalimantan, the Moluccas & Irian Jaya, as far as known","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Bartsia,trixago,Bellardia trixago,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Bellardia,trixago,,Bellardia,XXH,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Bellardia,trixago, ,Bellardia ,,,,"California Noxious Weed Control Projects Inventory (CNWCPI) A combined government/private/non-profit effort to establish a database, accessible through the Internet, containing information on noxious weed control in California. This information will f",,Californian Noxious Weed
• Bellardia,trixago, ,Bellardia,,,,"Dispersal: ?animal external,?Wind. Life Form: Annual. RISK: Potential threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 4,5,","Med, In Victoria: Limited distribution, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Bellardia,trixago, ,,,,,Bartsia trixago,Southern Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Bellardia,trixago, ,"bellardia, Mediterranean lineseed",,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Bellardia,trixago, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Calceolaria,tripartita,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Calceolaria,tripartita, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Castilleja,coccinea, ,Indian paintbrush,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Castilleja,exserta,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Castilleja,sessiliflora, ,downy paintbrush,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Castilleja,spp., ,Paint brush,,,,little or no germ of seeds obtained in 2 studies,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Casuarina,cristata, ,scalybark casuarina,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Celsia,cretica, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Chaenorhinum,minus, ,Small Toadflax,,,,Linaria minus,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Chaenorhinum,minus, ,Small Toadflax,,,,Linaria minus,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Chaenorhinum,minus, ,Dwarf snapdragon ,,,,PRELIMINARY LIST OF PLANT SPECIES OF CONCERN: Need more information on invasiveness,,Pacific Northwest Exotic Pest Plant Council (Weed)
• Chaenorhinum,minus, ,dwarf snapdragon,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Cymbalaria,muralis,,"ivy leafed toadflax, Kenilworth ivy",X,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Cymbalaria,muralis, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Cymbalaria,muralis, ,Kenilworth ivy,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Digitalis,lanata, ,,,,,treat conc. sulfuric acid 10-40 sec; germ in soil,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Digitalis,purpurea,,foxglove,XXw,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Digitalis,purpurea, ,Foxglove ,,,,"California Noxious Weed Control Projects Inventory (CNWCPI) A combined government/private/non-profit effort to establish a database, accessible through the Internet, containing information on noxious weed control in California. This information will f",,Californian Noxious Weed
• Digitalis,purpurea, ,Foxglove,,,,"Dispersal: ?animal external,?Wind,?Water. Life Form: Biennial. RISK: Potential threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 6,7,8,13,15","Introduced deliberately from: Eur and Commercially Available, , In Victoria: Rare or localised, small populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Digitalis,purpurea, ,Common foxglove,,,,74% germ at 20-30C with alt. light/dark; treat with conc. sulfuric acid 20 sec for fresh seed,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Digitalis,purpurea, ,Foxglove ,,,,PRELIMINARY LIST OF PLANT SPECIES OF CONCERN: Wildland weeds of lesser invasiveness,,Pacific Northwest Exotic Pest Plant Council (Weed)
• Digitalis,purpurea, ,common foxglove,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Digitalis,purpurea, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Digitalis,purpurea, ,common foxglove,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Dischisma,arenarium,,,H,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Dischisma,arenarium, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Dischisma,capitatum,D. capitata in WA,,H,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Dischisma,capitatum, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Dopatrium,junceum, ,,,,, , Japan,Weeds and Weed Control in Asia
• Dopatrium,junceum,"syn Ilygethos sphaerocarpus, Lindernia sphaerocarpa, Vandellia sphaerocarpa",,,,,"soggy or wet fields; usually scattered; from 0-1000m alt; lowland-irrigated & rainfed rice fields, a weed of minor importance, ","Asia, Asia; in Indonesia: Java, Sulawesi, as far as known","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Gratiola,japonica, ,,,,, , Kagawa ,Weeds and Weed Control in Asia
• Gratiola,juncea, ,,,,,annual sub-dominance , ,Weeds and Weed Control in Asia
• Hebe,elliptica,,hebe,X,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Hebe,parviflora,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Hebe,speciosa,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Kickxia,commutata,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Kickxia,commutata, ,,,,,Linaria commutata,Southern Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Kickxia,commutata, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Kickxia,elatine,,,X,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Kickxia,elatine,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Kickxia,elatine, ,Sharp leaved Fluellen,,,,Linaria elatine,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Kickxia,elatine, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Kickxia,elatine, ,sharppoint fluvellin,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Kickxia,lanigera, ,,,,,"Linaria lanigera, L racemigera",Spain & Portugal,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Kickxia,lanigera, ,,,,,"Linaria lanigera, L racemigera",Spain & Portugal,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Kickxia,spuria,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Kickxia,spuria, ,Round leaved Fluellen,,,,Linaria spuria,Mainland Europe & UK except NE & Denmark,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Kickxia,spuria, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Limnophila,conferta, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Limnophila,conferta, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Limnophila,erecta,syn ,,,,,"soggy sites, especially inundated fields; from 0-1500m alt (Irian Jaya); flowers throughout the year; lowland-irrigated, lebak & tidal rice fields, a weed of minor importance, eaten as a potherb in W Java, because of its fragrance","tropical Asia, tropical Asia; throughout Indonesia, except the Lesser Sunda Islands, the Moluccas & Irian Jaya, as far as known","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Limnophila,heterophylla, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Limnophila,heterophylla, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Limnophila,micrantha, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Limnophila,micrantha, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Limnophila,sessiliflora, ,,,,,Weed of aquatic ecosystems Web Address: http://hammock.ifas.ufl.edu/text/fw/19934.htm,,"Florida Weeds, FAIRS."
• Limnophila,sessiliflora, ,Limnophila,,,," Aquatic weed, emerged Part of the world South-East Asia Height 15-40 cm Width 4-7 cm Light requirements average-high Temperature 22-26oC Hardness tolerance soft-hard pH tolerance acid-neutral Easiness easy Limnophila sessiliflora is", Japan,Weeds and Weed Control in Asia
• Limnophila,villosa,syn Limnophila javanica,,,,,"soggy sites, especially rice fields; from 0-1250m alt (Irian Jaya); lowland-irrigated & lebak rice fields, a weed of minor importance, ","tropical Asia, throughout Indonesia, except the Lesser Sunda Islands, the Moluccas & Irian Jaya, as far as known","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Linaria,angustissima, ,,,,,L. italica,Central to Southern Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,angustissima, ,,,,,L. italica,Central to Southern Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,arvensis,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Linaria,arvensis, ,Corn Toadflax,,,,,Mainland Europe except NE & Denmark,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,arvensis, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Linaria,canadensis, ,oldfield toadflax,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Linaria,chalepensis, ,,,,,,SE Europe in Italy,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,chalepensis, ,,,,,,SE Europe in Italy,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,dalmatica,= L. genistifolia ssp dalmatica,Dalmatian toadflax,,,,"40% germ of seed prechilled at 3C for 1-2wks, then germ at 20C or 20-30C in dark",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Linaria,dalmatica,"= L. genistifolia ssp dalmaticasyn. Antirrhinum dalmaticum, Linaria grandiflora","Dalmatian toadflax, broad-leaved toadflax",,,,Dalmatian toadflax has no value agriculturally or as a forage plant; it is a serious weed because it is poisonous to livestock & once established spreads & crowds out more useful pasture species; in some cases it reduces carrying capacity to nilthe entry,"native to the E Medit region, extending in an arc from the Dalmatian coast of Yugoslavia through the Balkans, Turkey, N Syria & N Iraq into Iran; there are two varieties: var. macedonica, which is of limited range & found only in Macedonia, Albania, Thess","Noxious Weeds of Australia, P & C"
• Linaria,dalmatica, ,dalmatian toadflax,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Linaria,dalmatica,= L. genistifolia ssp dalmatica,Dalmatian toadflax,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Linaria,dalmatica,= L. genistifolia ssp dalmatica,Dalmatian toadflax,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Linaria,dalmatica,= L. genistifolia ssp dalmatica,Dalmatian toadflax,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Linaria,genistifolia,"L. dalmatica, Antirrhinum dalmaticum, Linaria grandiflora","Dalmatian toadflax, broad-leaved toadflax",,NP,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Linaria,genistifolia, ,spp Dalmatian Toadflax dalmatica ,,,,"California Noxious Weed Control Projects Inventory (CNWCPI) A combined government/private/non-profit effort to establish a database, accessible through the Internet, containing information on noxious weed control in California. This information will f",,Californian Noxious Weed
• Linaria,genistifolia, ,subsp. dalmatica Dalmatian toadflax ,,,,PRELIMINARY LIST OF PLANT SPECIES OF CONCERN: Most invasive - widespread ,,Pacific Northwest Exotic Pest Plant Council (Weed)
• Linaria,genistifolia, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Linaria,hirta, ,,,,,,Spain & Portugal,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,hirta, ,,,,,,Spain & Portugal,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,incarnata,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Linaria,incarnata, ,,,,,L. bipartita,Spain & Portugal,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,incarnata, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Linaria,latifolia, ,,,,,,Spain & Portugal,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,latifolia, ,,,,,,Spain & Portugal,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,maroccana,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Linaria,maroccana, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Linaria,micrantha, ,,,,,,Portugal,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,micrantha, ,,,,,,Portugal,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,minor, ,Small toadflax,,,,"seed begin to germ at once or soon after harvest, seeds placed in germinator & exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors; 96% germ",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Linaria,minor, ,small toadflax,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Linaria,pelisseriana,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Linaria,pelisseriana, ,Jersy Toadflax,,,,,Southern & Western Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,pelisseriana, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Linaria,reflexa, ,,,,,,Italy & Greece,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,reflexa, ,,,,,,Italy & Greece,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,repens, ,Pale Toadflax,,,,"L. striata, L. blanca, L. mospessulana","Central & Northern to Western Europe, less in UK, Eire, Scandinavia & Northen Europe",Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,repens, ,Pale Toadflax,,,,"L. striata, L. blanca, L. mospessulana","Central & Northern to Western Europe, less in UK, Eire, Scandinavia & Northen Europe",Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,ricardoi, ,,,,,,Southern Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,ricardoi, ,,,,,,Southern Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,sp.,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Linaria,sp., ,,,,,Region of origin - Eur; Extent of spread - localised ; Means of spread - ornamental,,CRC for Weeds Tech Series Report # 3
• Linaria,spartea, ,,,,,,Western Europe less in NW regions,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,spartea, ,,,,,,Western Europe less in NW regions,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,supina,"syn Antirrhinum supinum L., Linaria ambigua E. Huet, Linaria multicaulis (L.) Mill., Linaria masedae Merino, Linaria maritima DC., Linaria pyrenaica DC., Linaria haenseleri sensu Merino, non Boiss. & Reut.",,,,,,SW Europe in Italy,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,supina,"syn Antirrhinum supinum L., Linaria ambigua E. Huet, Linaria multicaulis (L.) Mill., Linaria masedae Merino, Linaria maritima DC., Linaria pyrenaica DC., Linaria haenseleri sensu Merino, non Boiss. & Reut.",,,,,,SW Europe in Italy,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,supina,"syn Antirrhinum supinum L., Linaria ambigua E. Huet, Linaria multicaulis (L.) Mill., Linaria masedae Merino, Linaria maritima DC., Linaria pyrenaica DC., Linaria haenseleri sensu Merino, non Boiss. & Reut.",,,,,"Species citations: D. A. Sutton. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae. (Rev Antirrh) 363. T. G. Tutin et al., eds. 1964-1980. Flora europaea. (F Eur) Check other databases for Linaria supina: Flora Eu",SW Europe in Italy Species range: France; Switzerland; Spain; Italy; Portugal,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,triphylla, ,,,,,,Southern Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,triphylla, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Linaria,triphylla, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Linaria,vulgaris,,"common toadflax, yellow toadflax",w,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Linaria,vulgaris, ,Yellow toadflax,,,,20% germ in dark with alt. temps of 20-30C; seeds placed in germinator & exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors; 91-94% germ,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Linaria,vulgaris, ,Common Toadflax,,,,L. acutiloba,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Linaria,vulgaris, ,Yellow toadflax ,,,,PRELIMINARY LIST OF PLANT SPECIES OF CONCERN: Wildland weeds of lesser invasiveness,,Pacific Northwest Exotic Pest Plant Council (Weed)
• Linaria,vulgaris, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Linaria,vulgaris, ,yellow toadflax,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Lindernia,anagallis, ,,,,,"perennial dominance, sub-dominance ", Japan,Weeds and Weed Control in Asia
• Lindernia,anagallis,"syn Lindernia angustifolia, Lindernia cordiflora",,,,,"marshy sites, both in savannahs & high forests, riversides, swamps; from 0-1900m alt; lowland-irrigated, rainfed, lebak & tidal rice fields, a weed of minor importance, ","Asia, Asia; throughout Indonesia","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Lindernia,angustifolia, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Lindernia,angustifolia, ,,,,, ,,Weeds and Weed Control in Asia
• Lindernia,angustifolia, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Lindernia,antipoda,"syn Ilysanthes antipoda, Ruellia antipoda",,,,,"shaded or sunny, moist or swampy sites; open forests, village grooves, on cultivated lands & borders of ditches; up to 1800m alt; flowers throughout the year; lowland-irrigated, rainfed & lebak rice fields, a weed of minor importance, ","SE Asia, tropical & subtropical Asia, from India to northern Aust & Polynesia; throughout Indonesia","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Lindernia,ciliata,"syn Bonnaya brachiata, Gratiola ciliata, Ilysanthes ciliata, Ilysanthes serrata",,,,,"on sunny or lightly shaded, often grassy sites, roadsides, fallow fields, on lighter soils; often abundant; up to 700m alt; rainfed rice fields, a weed of minor importance, ","Asia, SE Asia from India to northern Aust; throughout Indonesia","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Lindernia,cordifolia, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Lindernia,cordifolia, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Lindernia,crustacea,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Lindernia,crustacea,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Lindernia,crustaceae,"syn Lindernia minuta, Mimulus javanicus, Torenia crustacea, Torenia minuta, Vandellia crustacea, Vandellia minuta",,,,,"wet sites, fields & gardens, along roads, old walls, dikes, often on compact hard soils; may form a dense truf on bare ground, if not disturbed; up to 3000m alt (mostly to 1500m); flowers throughout the year; all kinds of rice fields, except gogo rancah, ","tropical Asia, tropics of Asia; throughout Indonesia","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Lindernia,hyssopioides,"syn Bonnaya hyssopioides, Gratiola hyssopioides, Ilysanthes hyssopioides",,,,,"low riversides, marshy areas; up to 900m alt; rainfed & tidal rice fields, a weed of minor importance, ","India, India, Sri Lanka, China, Malesia; Indonesia: so far found in Java & Sumatra","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Lindernia,procumbens, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Lindernia,procumbens, ,,,,,annual sub-dominance , Japan,Weeds and Weed Control in Asia
• Lindernia,procumbens,"syn Lindernia nervosus, Lindernia pyxidaria, Ilygethos nervosus, Vandellia erecta, Vandellia nervosa",,,,,"moist garden soils, water borders, fallow fields previously planted with second crops, field dikes; up to 600m alt (-2000m); lowland-irrigated, rainfed & gogo rancah rice fields, a weed of minor importance, one of the most widespread of the species centre","tropical Asia, Eur, India, Thailand, China, Japan, Malesia; throughout Indonesia","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Lindernia,procumbens, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Lindernia,pyxidaria, ,,,,,annual , Taiwan ,Weeds and Weed Control in Asia
• Lophospermum,erubescens,Asarina barclaiana,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Lophospermum,erubescens, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Maurandya,barclaiana,Asarina barclaiana,,S,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Maurandya,barclaiana,syn Asarina barclaiana,,,,,Region of origin - S Mexico; Extent of spread - localised; Means of spread - ornamentalFound spreading into Acacia scrub on Garden Island WA. Uses for taxon:Environmental: ornamental (fide Dict Gard as Asarina barclaiana)Species citations: E. E. T,"Chihuahua, Mexico; Coahuila, Mexico; Guanajuato, Mexico; Guerrero,Mexico; Mexico, Mexico; Nuevo Leon, Mexico; Oaxaca, Mexico; San LuisPotosi, Mexico; Veracruz, Mexico",CRC for Weeds Tech Series Report # 3
• Mazus,miquelii, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Mazus,miquelii, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Mazus,pumilus, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Mazus,pumilus, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Mazus,stolonifer, ,,,,, , Upland Japan ,Weeds and Weed Control in Asia
• Mecardonia,dianthera, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Mecardonia,dianthera, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Melampyrum,arvense, ,Field Cow Pea,,,,M. argyrocomum,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Melampyrum,arvense, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Melampyrum,arvense, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Melampyrum,barbatum, ,,,,,,Central & SE Europe inc Italy,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Melampyrum,barbatum, ,,,,,,Central & SE Europe inc Italy,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Melampyrum,cristatum, ,,,,,94% germ soon after harvest when exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
  Melampyrum,lineare, ,,,,,"84-95% germ of freshly harvested & 2wk old seed, on filter paper moistened with either distilled water, 0.2% soln of KNO3 or 0.01% GA at 12.5C; 6mth old seed 64% with 0.01% GA soln, 62% with KNO3 soln & 25% distilled water at 10C",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Mimulus,cardinalis, ,,,,,2 strains tested in petri dishes & probably exposed to light; germ occurred within range of 16-33C in one strain & 12-34C in the other,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Mimulus,guttatus,M. luteus misapplied,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Mimulus,guttatus, ,,,,,"86% germ with alt. temp 20-30C in dark, 84% with alt. light/dark & 58% at 20C constant in dark",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Mimulus,guttatus, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Mimulus,lewisii, ,,,,,2 strains tested in petri dishes 7 probably exposed to light; germ occurred within range of 12-34C in one strain & 14-34C in the other,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Mimulus,moschatus,,musk monkey-flower,XA,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Mimulus,moschatus, ,Musk Monkey-flower,,,,"Dispersal: ?animal external,Water,?animal (not bird), internal. Life Form: Perennial herb. RISK: Potential threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 8,9,13,15","Introduced deliberately from: N Am, In Victoria: Limited distribution, small populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Mimulus,moschatus, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Mimulus,orbicularis, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Mimulus,orbicularis, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Mimulus,ringens, ,,,,,99-100% germ of seed allowed to imbibe water & kept in dark for 6mths after being transferred to bright sunlight; germ at 20-25C ,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Misopates,orontium,Antirrhinum orontium,,X,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Misopates,orontium, ,Lesser SnapDragon,,,,Antirrhinum orontium,"Mainland Europe, S Sweden, UK & Eire, less in Northen regions ",Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Misopates,orontium, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Mitracarpaea,minima,"syn Mitracarpaea alterniflora, Mitracarpaea muscosa",,,,,"soggy fields, along watercourses; sometimes abundant; up to 600m alt; flowers throughout the year; lowland-irrigated & tidal rice fields, a weed of minor importance, ","tropical Asia, Asia; in Indonesia: so far known from Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Nemesia,strumosa,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Nuttallanthus,canadensis,Linaria canadensis var. canadensis,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Odontites,serotina, Odontites rubra,,,,,seeds germ in 1st or 2nd spring after collection; seeds placed in germinator exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors until germ; 99% germ,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Odontites,verna, ,Red Bartsia,,,,O. rubra,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Odontites,verna, ,Red Bartsia,,,,O. rubra,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Orobanche,aegyptiaca,syn ,Egyptian broomrape,,,,"fields, gardens, orchards; parasite on different plants","Egypt, SW Asia: Crimea & Caucasus to Transcaspia & Himalayas","The Weed Flora of Egypt Boulos, L., & Nabil el-Hadidi, M"
• Orobanche,aegyptiaca,syn ,,,,,"fields, gardens, orchards; parasite mainly on Solanaceae plants ie. tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants,peppers, petunia","Medit, C Eur, W Asia","The Weed Flora of Egypt Boulos, L., & Nabil el-Hadidi, M"
• Orobanche,aegyptica, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Orobanche,aegyptica, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Orobanche,cernua, ,,,,,"root of tobacco plant needed to stimulate germ; root placed on blotter paper & seed scattered over, 2 glass slides pressed seed & root together, transferred to pot covered with soil; 10-15days slides removed & root severed from tobacco, seed germ observed",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Orobanche,crenata,syn ,Scalloped broomrape,,,,"fields, gardens, orchards; parasite on different plants, esp. leguminous crops","Medit, WAsia","The Weed Flora of Egypt Boulos, L., & Nabil el-Hadidi, M"
• Orobanche,crenata, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Orobanche,crenata, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Orobanche,elatior, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Orobanche,elatior, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Orobanche,hederae, ,,,,,seed germ reported in French,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Orobanche,lorcata,"(possible name, species with W. Barker at AD)",,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Orobanche,ludoviciana, ,var Cooperi Cooper's Broomrape ,,,,"California Noxious Weed Control Projects Inventory (CNWCPI) A combined government/private/non-profit effort to establish a database, accessible through the Internet, containing information on noxious weed control in California. This information will f",,Californian Noxious Weed
• Orobanche,ludoviciana, ,Louisiana broomrape,,,,47% germ with 20ppm of GA at room temp in dark on 2% sterilized agar in petri dishes,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Orobanche,ludoviciana, ,Louisiana broomrape,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Orobanche,lutea, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Orobanche,lutea, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Orobanche,minor,,Lesser Broomrape,XX,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Orobanche,minor, ,Lesser Broomrape,,,,Dispersal: Wind. Life Form: Annual. RISK: Not a threat (but may have a negative visual impact). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 1,"S&W Eur,W As,N Af, In Victoria: Widespread, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Orobanche,minor, ,Clover broomrape,,,,seeds held moist at 25C for 21days or more & then induced germ with extracts of Zea mays roots,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Orobanche,minor, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Orobanche,minor, ,"hemp broomrape, branched broomrape ",,,,Orobanche minor is a herbaceous annual or perennial root parasite without chlorophyll. It is a weed of 14 crops in 45 countries.,"Medit, Near East, and C Asia",WORLD WEEDS Natural Histories & Distribution - Holm et. al.
• Orobanche,minor, ,clover broomrape,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Orobanche,ramosa,,branched broomrape,w,P,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Orobanche,ramosa, ,Branched Broomrape ,,,,"California Noxious Weed Control Projects Inventory (CNWCPI) A combined government/private/non-profit effort to establish a database, accessible through the Internet, containing information on noxious weed control in California. This information will f",,Californian Noxious Weed
• Orobanche,ramosa, ,Hemp broomrape,,,,17% germ with 100ppm of GA at room temp in dark on 2% sterilized agar in petri dishes,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Orobanche,ramosa,syn ,Branched broomrape,,,,"fields, gardens, orchards; parasite mainly on Solanaceae plants ie. tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants,peppers, petunia","Medit, C Eur, W Asia","The Weed Flora of Egypt Boulos, L., & Nabil el-Hadidi, M"
• Orobanche,ramosa, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Orobanche,ramosa, ,blue broom rape,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Orobanche,ramosa, ,"common broomrape, orobanche, clover broomrape",,,,Orobanche ramosa is a herbaceous annual or perennial root parasite without chlorophyll. It is a weed of 25 crops in 45 countries.,"Medit, Near East, and C Asia",WORLD WEEDS Natural Histories & Distribution - Holm et. al.
• Orobanche,ramosa, ,hemp broomrape,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Orobanche,ramosa, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Orobanche,speciosa, Orobanche crenata,,,,,"host plant Vicia faba used to induce germ in soil in specially built boxes; seed germ & parasitism on roots of host plant observed; Vicia began to secrete a germ-stimulating substance from roots 1wk before flwring, Orobanche seed germ 1wk after being stim",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Orobanche,spp., ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Orobanche,spp., ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Orobanche,spp. ***, ,Broomrape N ,,,," PROCLAIMED PLANTS IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA, AUGUST 1996 # Plant must be destroyed. * Control required in part of the State only. + Control not required. n Notifiable in part of the State. N Notifiable throughout the State. c Special program in south-ea"," ***except O. australiana Sale of Plant, or Produce, Goods etc. Prohibited in South Australia (Section 54(1) (2) applies) Movement prohibited","South Australian ""Proclaimed Plants"" (Weed)"
• Orthocarpus,barbatus, ,Cotton,,,,"50% germ at 20C in dark or at alt. 20-30C with alt. light/dark, after 4wk prechilling at 3C ",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Orthocarpus,tenuifolius, ,,,,,"50% germ at 20C in dark or at alt. 20-30C with alt. light/dark, after 4wk prechilling at 3C ",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Parentucellia,latifolia,,Red Bartsia,XH,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Parentucellia,latifolia, ,Red Bartsia,,,,"Dispersal: ?animal external. Life Form: Annual. RISK: Potential threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 1,4,5","Med, In Victoria: Widespread, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Parentucellia,latifolia, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Parentucellia,viscosa,,Sticky Parentucellia,XXH,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Parentucellia,viscosa, ,N/A ,,,,"California Noxious Weed Control Projects Inventory (CNWCPI) A combined government/private/non-profit effort to establish a database, accessible through the Internet, containing information on noxious weed control in California. This information will f",,Californian Noxious Weed
• Parentucellia,viscosa, ,Sticky Parentucellia,,,,"Dispersal: animal external,Water. Life Form: Annual. RISK: Potential threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 4,6,7,8,9","Med, In Victoria: Widespread, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Parentucellia,viscosa, ,Yellow Bartsia,,,,Bartsia viscosa = Lasiopera viscosa,"Western & Southern Europe, UK & Eire, less in NW regions",Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Parentucellia,viscosa, ,Parentucellia ,,,,PRELIMINARY LIST OF PLANT SPECIES OF CONCERN: Wildland weeds of lesser invasiveness,,Pacific Northwest Exotic Pest Plant Council (Weed)
• Parentucellia,viscosa, ,yellow glandweed,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Parentucellia,viscosa, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Paulownia,tomentosa,,"Chinese empress tree, powton",w,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Paulownia,tomentosa, ,"princess tree, empress tree",,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Paulownia,tomentosa, ,royal paulownia,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966My sources have reported Paulownia spp. to be invasive in the following states:Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, NorthCarolina, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia,and West Virgini",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Paulownia,tomentosa,,princess tree,,,,RANK 1. "SEVERE THREAT"Exotic plant species which possess characteristics of invasive species and spread easily into native plant communities and displace native vegetation; includes species which are or could become widespread in Tennessee.,,Invasive Exotic Pest Plants in Tennessee
• Pedicularis,canadensis, ,,,,,"seeds planted in soil flats in late autumn, some directly in greenhouse, others exposed to winter conditions outdoors for 112days; only 2 seeds germ within 35-44days after transfer to greenhouse; no germ of seed directly planted in greenhouse",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Pedicularis,comptoniaefolia, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Pedicularis,confertiflora, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Pedicularis,spp., ,,,,,no germ obtained with four routine conditions tried; prechilling treatments tried only on some species,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Penstemon,angustifolius, ,,,,,"91% germ of seeds sown in moist sand in bottles & stored outdoors, germ complete by late spring, early summer",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Penstemon,digitalis, ,Digitalis penstemon,,,,32% germ at 20-25C in diffuse light in 14days,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Penstemon,digitalis, ,digitalis penstemon,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Penstemon,gracilis, ,slender penstemon,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Penstemon,procerus, ,,,,,"72% germ with all 4 conditions including 15C with alt. light/dark, 20C in dark, 20-30C alt. in dark, 20-30C alt. with alt. light/dark",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Penstemon,rydbergii, ,Rydberg penstemon,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Penstemon,speciosus, ,,,,,"68% germ after 4wks prechilling at 3C, then in dark with alt. 20-30C",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Penstemon,wilcoxii, ,,,,,"no germ obtained with 5 conditions, no prechilling treatment reported",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Phyllopodium,cordatum,(?Polycarena caudata),,X,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Polycarena,heterophylla,,,X,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Polycarena,heterophylla, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Polycarena,leipoldtii,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Polycarena,leipoldtii, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Pygmea,ciliolata, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Rehmannia,glutinosa, , ,,,,paraquat 1992 Korea Cropland , http://www.pioneer.net/~heapian/ heapian(at)pioneer.net 1997,International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds. Ian Heap
• Rhinanthus,alectorolophus, ,,,,,"Alectorolophus hirsutus, R. patulus, R. ellipticus",Central & Eastern Europe inc Italy,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Rhinanthus,alectorolophus, ,,,,,"Alectorolophus hirsutus, R. patulus, R. ellipticus",Central & Eastern Europe inc Italy,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Rhinanthus,crista-galli, ,Cockscomb rattleweed,,,,"95% germ of seed exposed immediately after harvest to moist cold 2C treatment for 17wks; seed dry stored for 5wks, then held moist at 2C, some germ after 84days moist storage; 60% or higher when germ at 15C after70-84days at 2C",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Rhinanthus,crista-galli, ,cockscomb rattleweed,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Russelia,equisetiformis,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Scoparia,dulcis,,"sweet broom, goatweed",X,P,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Scoparia,dulcis, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Scoparia,dulcis,syn ,,,,,"fallow fields, roads, old walls, in everwet regions or not too dry regions with a prolonged dry season; on all kinds of soils; from 0-1600m alt;flowers throughout the year; can produce 800-1000 seeds/plant; upland & lebak rice fields, a weed of minor impo","tropical Amer, introd into Java before 1860; throughout Indonesia","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Scoparia,dulcis, ,"sweet broom, goatweed",,P,,uses for taxon: Medicines: folklore; Weed: potential seed contaminant; it is a weed of irrigated crops & dryland crops with & without irrigation; disturbed (or ruderal) situations in which no crops or pasture are grown; & improved pastures; it has been re,widely distributed in the tropics & subtropics,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Scrophularia,auriculata,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Scrophularia,lanceolata, Scrophularia leporella,Lanceleaf figwort,,,,"prechilling moist seed at 3C for 1-4wks then germ at 20-30C alt. with alt. light/dark; 44% germ after prechilling at 20-25C in diffuse light within 19-28days, no germ in dark ",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Scrophularia,lanceolata, ,lanceleaf figwort,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Scrophularia,marilandica, ,Maryland figwort,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Scrophularia,nodosa,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Scrophularia,nodosa, ,,,,,seeds germ in 1st spring after collection; seeds placed in germinator exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors until germ or rotted; total germ 95%,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Scrophularia,nodosa, ,figwort,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Scrophularia,peregrina, ,,,,,,Southern Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Scrophularia,peregrina, ,,,,,,Southern Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Selago,corymbosa, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Striga,angustifolia, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Striga,angustifolia, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Striga,asiatica,"syn Striga hirsuta, Striga lutea, Buchnera asiatica",witchweed,,,,"not in very wet areas, on sunny grassy, Imperata & other grasslands, grassy roadsides, fallow fields & dikes;scattered, usually in groups, often gregarious; it frequents light sandy soils, but can also grow on heavy soils, peat & muck; from 0-2000m alt; f","Asia, tropics of Asia & Afr; in the 1950s introd into N Amer; throughout Indonesia","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Striga,asiatica,syn S. lutea,Asiatic witchweed,,P,,Banned by AQIS,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Striga,densiflora, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Striga,densiflora, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Striga,forbesii, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Striga,forbesii, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Striga,hermonthica, ,,,,,"obligate parasite; germ in lab seeds must be non-dormant, preconditioned & supplied with stimulant; storing air-dry seeds in closed bottles in lab 24wks breaks dormancy; ",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Striga,hermonthica, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Striga,hermonthica, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Striga,lutea, ,Wichweed ,,,,"California Noxious Weed Control Projects Inventory (CNWCPI) A combined government/private/non-profit effort to establish a database, accessible through the Internet, containing information on noxious weed control in California. This information will f",,Californian Noxious Weed
• Striga,lutea,= Striga asiatica,Witch weed,,,,"obligate parasite; germ in lab seeds must be non-dormant, preconditioned & supplied with stimulant; storing air-dry seeds in closed bottles in lab 24wks breaks dormancy; ",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Striga,lutea, ,witchweed,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Striga,spp.,,Witchweeds,,NLPQ,Qld,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Striga,spp., ,Witchweeds,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Striga,spp., ,Witchweeds,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Torenia,violacea,"syn Torenia edenata, Torenia peduncularis",,,,,"in rather moist sites, especially on hard soils, along roads, in open forest, on old walls; locally often abundant; from 0-1200m alt; flowers throughout the year; upland rice fields , a weed of minor importance, ","Asia, Asia; throughout Indonesia","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Triphysaria,pusilla,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Vandellia,angallis, ,,,,,annual , Taiwan ,Weeds and Weed Control in Asia
• Vandellia,angustifolia, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Vandellia,angustifolia, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Vandellia,crustacea, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Vandellia,crustacea, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Vandellia,pedunculata, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Vandellia,pedunculata, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Verbascum,barnadesii, ,,,,,Celsia barnadesii,Iberian Peninsular,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Verbascum,barnadesii, ,,,,,Celsia barnadesii,Iberian Peninsular,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Verbascum,blattaria,,moth mullein,X,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Verbascum,blattaria, ,Moth Mullein,,,,"Dispersal: Water,Wind. Life Form: Biennial. RISK: Potential threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 8","Eur,WC As,N Af, In Victoria: Rare or localised, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Verbascum,blattaria, ,Moth mullein,,,,59% germ in 2-73days in light & 34% in 4-56days in dark at 20-25C; at 20-30C alt. germ 76% in light & 84% in dark,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Verbascum,blattaria, ,Moth Mullein,,,,"V. rhinanthifolium, V. carduifolium","Mainland Europe except Denmark, less in UK",Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Verbascum,blattaria, ,Moth mullein ,,,,PRELIMINARY LIST OF PLANT SPECIES OF CONCERN: Wildland weeds of lesser invasiveness,,Pacific Northwest Exotic Pest Plant Council (Weed)
• Verbascum,blattaria, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Verbascum,blattaria, ,moth mullein,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Verbascum,creticum,,Cretan Mullein,XX,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Verbascum,creticum, ,Cretan Mullein,,,,"Dispersal: Water,?Wind. Life Form: Biennial. RISK: Potential threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 4","Introduced deliberately from: W Med and Commercially Available, , In Victoria: Rare or localised, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Verbascum,creticum, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Verbascum,lychnitis, ,white mullein,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Verbascum,nigrum, ,Dark Mullein,,,,V. minutiflorum,All Europe & Central Asia,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Verbascum,nigrum, ,Dark Mullein,,,,V. minutiflorum,All Europe & Central Asia,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Verbascum,phlomoides, ,,,,,"V. belasitzae, V. formanekii, V. pangaeum",Mainland Europe less in NW & UK,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Verbascum,phlomoides, ,,,,,"V. belasitzae, V. formanekii, V. pangaeum",Mainland Europe less in NW & UK,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Verbascum,phlomoides, ,clasping mullein,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Verbascum,sinuatum,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Verbascum,sinuatum, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Verbascum,thapsiforme, ,,,,,seeds germ in 1st spring after harvest; seeds placed in germinator exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors until germ or rotted; total germ 99%,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Verbascum,thapsus,,"great mullein, Aaron's rod, blanket weed, candlewick, common mullein, flannel leaf, Jacob's staff, shepherd's club, velvet dock",HXAX,NL,Vic,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Verbascum,thapsus, ,Wooly Mullein ,,,,"California Noxious Weed Control Projects Inventory (CNWCPI) A combined government/private/non-profit effort to establish a database, accessible through the Internet, containing information on noxious weed control in California. This information will f",,Californian Noxious Weed
• Verbascum,thapsus, ,Great Mullein,,,,"Dispersal: animal external,Water,Wind. Life Form: Biennial. RISK: Serious threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 4,8,12,15","Introduced deliberately from: Euras and Commercially Available, , In Victoria: Widespread, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Verbascum,thapsus, ,Common mullein,,,,"light very important for germ; only by germ seed in solns of acids, bases, & salts of monovalent, bivalent & trivalent ions in dark at conc. of 0.00001N to 1N gave 80-100% germ & replaced light effects",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Verbascum,thapsus, ,"great mullein, Aaron's rod, blanket weed, candlewick, common mullein, flannel leaf, Jacob's staff, shepherd's club, velvet dock",,,,"great mullein colonises sites of low fertility, particularly abandoned cultivation areas, & does not persist when fertility is raised; the rosettes, which cover a large area, are rarely eaten by livestock & therefore replace a considerable amount of pastu","a native of Eur & W & C Asia, it now occurs on neglected sites & degraded pastures in most temparate areas of the world; it is common in the British Isles, parts of the Soviet Union, India, Chile, NZ & throughout N Amer, particularly in the Sierra Nevada ","Noxious Weeds of Australia, P & C"
• Verbascum,thapsus, ,Mullein ,,,,PRELIMINARY LIST OF PLANT SPECIES OF CONCERN: Most invasive - widespread ,,Pacific Northwest Exotic Pest Plant Council (Weed)
• Verbascum,thapsus, ,common mullein,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Verbascum,thapsus, ,great mullein,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Verbascum,thapsus, ,common mullein,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Verbascum,thapsus,,common mullein,,,,"RANK 2. "SIGNIFICANT THREAT"Exotic plant species which possess some invasive characteristics, but have less impact on native plant communities; may have the capacity to invade natural communities along disturbance corridors, or to spread from stands in d",,Invasive Exotic Pest Plants in Tennessee
• Verbascum,virgatum,,Twiggy Mullein,HXX,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Verbascum,virgatum, ,Twiggy Mullein,,,,"Dispersal: animal external,Water,Wind. Life Form: Biennial. RISK: Serious threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 4,5,8,12,13,15","Introduced deliberately from: W Eur, In Victoria: Widespread, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Verbascum,virgatum, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Veronica,acinifolia, ,,,,,V. perpusilla,Central to Southern Europe except Portugal,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,acinifolia, ,,,,,V. perpusilla,Central to Southern Europe except Portugal,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,agrestis, ,Field speedwell,,,,"100% germ of seed at once or soon after harvest; seed placed in germinator, exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors; 85% germ in lab at alt. 10-25C & 50% germ at optimum 20C constant",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,agrestis, ,Green Field Speedwell,,,,,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,agrestis, ,Green Field Speedwell,,,,,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,agrestis, ,field speedwell,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Veronica,americana, ,,,,,"seeds stored in moist sand at 3C germ 0%, 14%, 71% & 86% after 1, 2, 4 & 6mths storage at 28-29C:8hrs 10-20C:16hrs for 6wks",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,anagallis-aquatica,,Blue Water Speedwell,X,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Veronica,anagallis-aquatica, ,Blue Water Speedwell,,,,Dispersal: Water. Life Form: Emergent aquatic(Perennial herb). RISK: Potential threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 8,"Euras,Af,,N&S Am, In Victoria: Rare or localised, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Veronica,anagallis-aquatica, Veronica anagallis,,,,,"96% germ of seed at once or soon after harvest; seed placed in germinator, exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors; seed stored in water at 1-3C or 2, 4, & 7mths germ 0, 71 & & 77% respectively & dry stored seed germ 19, 46 & 78% ",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,anagallis-aquatica,syn ,"Long-leaved water speedwell, Water pimpernel",,,,"canal banks, moist ground near wells and springs",widespread in temp. & cold regions of the world,"The Weed Flora of Egypt Boulos, L., & Nabil el-Hadidi, M"
• Veronica,anagallis-aquatica, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Veronica,anagalloides, ,,,,,"V. poljensis, V. anagallis-aquatica subsp. anagalloides, V. bianoris, V. pusilla",Mainland Europe except Denmark,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,anagalloides, ,,,,,"V. poljensis, V. anagallis-aquatica subsp. anagalloides, V. bianoris, V. pusilla",Mainland Europe except Denmark,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,arvensis,,speedwell,X,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Veronica,arvensis, ,Corn speedwell,,,,seeds germ in 1st spring after harvest & remainder in following spring ; seeds placed in germinator exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors until germ or rotted; total germ 97%,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,arvensis, ,Wall Speedwell,,,,"V. demissa, V. racemifoliata",All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,arvensis, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Veronica,arvensis, ,,,,, ,Shimane Upland Japan Miyagi Okayama ,Weeds and Weed Control in Asia
• Veronica,arvensis, ,"corn speedwell, wall speedwell, speedwell",,,,"Veronica arvensis, a winter annual, found in gardens, lawns, cultivated fields, roadsides and waste areas. It is widely distributed in Europe and N America.V. arvensis is a reported weed in of 17 crops in 43 countries and is a frequently reported weed o","native to Eurasia, but common in temperate and mild-climate regions around the world",WORLD WEEDS Natural Histories & Distribution - Holm et. al.
• Veronica,arvensis, ,corn speedwell,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Veronica,beccabunga, ,,,,,seeds germ in 1st spring after harvest & remainder in following spring ; seeds placed in germinator exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors until germ or rotted; total germ 96%,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,catenata,,Pink Water Speedwell,X,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Veronica,catenata, ,Pink Water Speedwell,,,,"Dispersal: animal external,Water. Life Form: Emergent aquatic(Perennial herb). RISK: Potential threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 9,10","Eur,Af,As,N Am, In Victoria: Limited distribution, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Veronica,catenata, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Veronica,chamaedrys, ,Germander speedwell,,,,"dry stored seed no germ; seed stored at 1-3C in moist sand or peat no germ after 1, 2 or 4mths of storage; after 6mths of moist storage at 3C, 14% germ in sand & 8% in peat",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,chamaedrys, ,germander speedwell,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Veronica,chamaepithyoides, ,,,,,V. digitata,Western Medit Regions,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,chamaepithyoides, ,,,,,V. digitata,Western Medit Regions,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,cymbalaria, ,,,,,"V. cuneata, V. glandulifera",Southern Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,cymbalaria, ,,,,,"V. cuneata, V. glandulifera",Southern Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,filiformis, ,Creeping speedwell,,,,no seed production; vegetative propagation,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,filiformis, ,Slender Speedwell,,,,,"Scattered UK, Eire, Central Europe to S Sweden",Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,filiformis, ,Slender Speedwell,,,,,"Scattered UK, Eire, Central Europe to S Sweden",Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,filiformis, ,creeping speedwell,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Veronica,glauca, ,,,,,"V. chaubardii, V. peloponnesiaca",Greece,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,glauca, ,,,,,"V. chaubardii, V. peloponnesiaca",Greece,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,hederaefolia, ,Ivyleaf speedwell,,,,seeds germ in 1st spring after harvest & remainder in following spring ; seeds placed in germinator exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors until germ or rotted; total germ 90%; 59% germ at optimum constant temp 2-5C,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,hederaefolia, ,ivyleaf speedwell,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Veronica,hederifolia,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Veronica,hederifolia, ,Ivy Leaved Speedwell,,,,V. lappago,All Europe & Near East,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,hederifolia, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Veronica,longifolia, ,,,,,"germ before storage 24%; germ after storage for 1, 2, 4, or 6mths for dry at 3C-0, 22, 42, & 23%; dry at room temp-0, 23,46 & 23%; moist sand at 3C-0, 72, 63 & 42%; moist peat at 3C-0, 79, 54 & 68%",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,officinalis,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Veronica,officinalis, ,Common speedwell,,,,"germ after storage for 1, 2, 4, or 6mths for dry at 3C & dry at room temp-little or no germ; moist sand at 3C-0, 0, 54, 87%; moist peat at 3C-0, 22, 29 & 77%; seed placed in germinator, exposed to temps similar to those pervailing outdoors; germ 100%",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,officinalis, ,common speedwell,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Veronica,opaca, ,,,,,,"Mainland Europe & Scandinavia, except SW France Spain & Portugal",Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,opaca, ,,,,,,"Mainland Europe & Scandinavia, except SW France Spain & Portugal",Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,peregrina,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Veronica,peregrina, ,Purslane speedwell,,,,"germ after storage for 1, 2, 4, or 6mths for dry at 3C-0, 16, 88, 23% & dry at room temp-4, 95, 22, & 6%; moist sand at 3C-18, 77, 18 & 10%; moist peat at 3C-6, 60, 32 & 11% at 28-29C:8hrs, 10-20C:16hrs for 6wks",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,peregrina, ,American Speedwell,,,,,"Scattered UK, Eire, Norway & Sweden, Central to Western Europe",Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,peregrina, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Veronica,peregrina, ,purslane speedwell,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Veronica,persica,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Veronica,persica, ,Birdseye speedwell,,,,"germ after storage for 1, 2, 4, or 6mths for dry at 3C-0, 13, 22, 22% & dry at room temp-0, 12, 13, & 19%; moist sand at 3C-0, 3, 33 & 41%; moist peat at 3C-0, 6, 31 & 59% at 28-29C:8hrs, 10-20C:16hrs for 6wks",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,persica, ,Common Field Speedwell,,,,"V. tounefortii, V. buxbaumii, V. byzantina",All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,persica, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Veronica,persica, ,,,,, , Upland Japan ,Weeds and Weed Control in Asia
• Veronica,persica, ,"Persian speedwell, common field speedwell, scrambling speedwell",,,,"Veronica persica, a winter annual, found in gardens, lawns, cultivated fields, roadsides and waste areas. It is widely distributed in Europe and N America.V. persica is a reported weed in of 27 crops in 45 countries and is a frequently reported weed of","native to Eurasia, but common in temperate and mild-climate regions around the world",WORLD WEEDS Natural Histories & Distribution - Holm et. al.
• Veronica,persica, ,birdseye speedwell,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Veronica,phyllostachya, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Veronica,polita, ,Grey Speedwell,,,,V. didyma,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,polita, ,Grey Speedwell,,,,V. didyma,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,polita, ,wayside speedwell,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Veronica,praecox, ,Breckland Speedwell,,,,,Mainland Europe & S Sweden except NE,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,praecox, ,Breckland Speedwell,,,,,Mainland Europe & S Sweden except NE,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,scutellata,,,X,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Veronica,scutellata, ,,,,,"Region of origin - N Amer, Eur, Asia; Extent of spread - localised ; Means of spread - unknown",,CRC for Weeds Tech Series Report # 3
• Veronica,scutellata, ,,,,,"seeds dry stored for 6mths at 3C germ 10%, dry stored at room temp 10%, stored in moist sand at 3C -40% & stored in moist peat at 3C-28% at 28-29C:8hrs, 10-20C:16hrs for 6wks; seed stored 1, 2, & 4 mths poor germ under above conditions",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,serphyllifolia, ,Thymeleaf speedwell,,,,"germ before storage 30%; germ after storage for 1, 2, 4, or 6mths for dry at 3C-33,40,88,& 1%; dry at room temp-14,37,43 & 5%; moist sand at 3C-17,48,29 & 24%; moist peat at 3C-53,31,41,& 8% at 28-29C:8hrs, 10-20C:16hrs in 6wks",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,serpyllifolia,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Veronica,serpyllifolia, ,thymeleaf speedwell,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Veronica,spicata, ,,,,,"germ before storage 20%; germ after storage for 1, 2, 4, or 6mths for dry at 3C-0,8,8,& 16%; dry at room temp-0,4,12& 4%; moist sand at 3C-20,84,56 & 63%; moist peat at 3C-4,48,20& 52% at 28-29C:8hrs, 10-20C:16hrs in 6wks",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,sublobata, ,,,,,Subspp. of V. hederifolia,,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,sublobata, ,,,,,Subspp. of V. hederifolia,,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,triloba, ,,,,,Subspp. of V. hederifolia,,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,triloba, ,,,,,Subspp. of V. hederifolia,,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,triphyllos, ,,,,,56% germ at alt. 10-25C & no germ at any constant temps from 2-5 to 40C,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Veronica,triphyllos, ,Fingered Speedwell,,,,,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,triphyllos, ,Fingered Speedwell,,,,,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,verna, ,Spring Speedwell,,,,V. brevistyla,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,verna, ,Spring Speedwell,,,,V. brevistyla,All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Veronica,virginica, ,,,,,44% germ in 28days at 20-25C in diffuse light & 32% in 48 days in dark,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Zaluzianskya,divaricata,,Spreading Night-phlox,X,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Zaluzianskya,divaricata, ,Spreading Night-phlox,,,,Dispersal: ?animal external. Life Form: Annual. RISK: Potential threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 3,"S Af, In Victoria: Rare or localised, small populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Zaluzianskya,divaricata, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Selaginellaceae
• Selaginella,kraussiana, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Selaginella,kraussiana,,garden selaginella,X,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Selaginella,kraussiana, ,Garden Selaginella,,,,"Dispersal: Water,?Wind. Life Form: Perennial herb. RISK: Potential threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 6,8","Introduced deliberately from: S Af and Commercially Available, , In Victoria: Limited distribution, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Selaginella,plana,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Selaginella,umbrosa,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Selaginella,vogellii,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Selaginella,willdenovii,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Ailanthus,altissima,"Ailanthus glandulosa, Toxicodendron altissimum","tree of heaven, copal tree, varnish tree",XHXXXH,NL,NSW; Vic,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Simaroubaceae
• Ailanthus,altissima, ,Tree Of Heaven ,,,,"California Noxious Weed Control Projects Inventory (CNWCPI) A combined government/private/non-profit effort to establish a database, accessible through the Internet, containing information on noxious weed control in California. This information will f",,Californian Noxious Weed
• Ailanthus,altissima," Ailanthus glandulosa, Toxicodendron altissimum","tree of heaven, copal tree, varnish tree",,,,"it is well equipped to survive in harsh urban environments & is seen growing in many of the world's citites in niches in broken brickwork, in dirt filled gutters & on any miniscule pockets of soil left in inner city areas; its large leaves carry out photo",native of E Asia; introd to France & England as an ornamental & to Philadelphia in the US in 1784 & promoted by the nursery trade for growing in cities because of its ability to thrive on poor soils & tolerate smoke & grime; also planted in parts of N Ame,"Noxious Weeds of Australia, P & C"
• Ailanthus,altissima, ,Tree of heaven ,,,,PRELIMINARY LIST OF PLANT SPECIES OF CONCERN: Most invasive - regional (highly to moderately invasive but still with a potential to spread),,Pacific Northwest Exotic Pest Plant Council (Weed)
• Ailanthus,altissima, ,tree-of-heaven,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Ailanthus,altissima, ,hemelboom,,,,"Woody SpeciesInvades: forest margins, roadsides, rivers, in cool, moist regionsCultivated for: ornament, shelter",Origin: Asia,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Ailanthus,altissima, ,hemelboom,,,,"Woody SpeciesInvades: forest margins, roadsides, rivers, in cool, moist regionsCultivated for: ornament, shelter",Origin: Asia,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Ailanthus,altissima, ,Tree of heaven,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Ailanthus,altissima, ,tree-of-heaven,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Ailanthus,altissima,,tree of heaven,,,,RANK 1. "SEVERE THREAT"Exotic plant species which possess characteristics of invasive species and spread easily into native plant communities and displace native vegetation; includes species which are or could become widespread in Tennessee.,,Invasive Exotic Pest Plants in Tennessee
• Ailanthus,altissima , ,Tree-of-heaven,,,,"Dispersal: Bird, internal,Water,Wind. Life Form: Tree. RISK: Potential threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 5,8 ","Introduced deliberately from: Ch, In Victoria: Rare or localised, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Solanaceae
• Atropa,acuminata, ,,,,,"dormancy broken with 40sec H2SO4 treatment, 4-5hrs washing in running water; take up to 39 days to germ after treatment",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Atropa,belladonna, ,,,,,"75 sec H2SO4 treatment; up to 41 days to germ; 80% germ in pots with 18hrs in 50ppm soln of GA, then dusted with fungicide before sowing, germ in about 3wks",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Browallia,americana,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Brugmansia,X candida,(Datura candida),,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Calibrachoa,parviflora,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Capsicum,annuum,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Capsicum,annuum, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Capsicum,frutescens,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Capsicum,frutescens, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Cestrum,aurantiacum,,orange flowering jassamine,X,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Cestrum,aurantiacum, ,yellow or orange cestrum,,,,"Declared Weed. Woody SpeciesInvades: forest margins, savanna, plantations, wooded kloofsCultivated for: ornament, hedging",Origin: C Amer,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Cestrum,aurantiacum, ,yellow or orange cestrum,,,,"Declared Weed. Woody SpeciesInvades: forest margins, savanna, plantations, wooded kloofsCultivated for: ornament, hedging",Origin: C Amer,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Cestrum,aurantiacum, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Cestrum,diurnum,,day jasmine,,,,"Catergory I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographical range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.",,List of Florida's Most Invasive Species - Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council
• Cestrum,diurnum, ,day jassamine,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Cestrum,diurnum, ,dayblooming jessamine,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Cestrum,elegans,,cestrum,HS,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Cestrum,elegans, ,Cestrum,,,,"Dispersal: Bird, internal,?Water. Life Form: Large Small to medium shrubhrub. RISK: Serious threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 6,7,8,","Introduced deliberately from: Mex and Commercially Available, , In Victoria: ?Rare or localised, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Cestrum,elegans, ,Red Cestrum ,,,,Major WeedTREES.,,"Environmental Weeds Of North Coast NSW, John Nagle, Greening Australia, 1995"
• Cestrum,laevigatum, ,inkberry,,,,"Declared Weed. Subject of herbicide registration.Woody SpeciesInvades: forests, savanna, grassland, plantations, rivers, coastal dunesCultivated for: ornament, hedging",Origin: C Amer,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Cestrum,laevigatum, ,inkberry,,,,"Declared Weed. Subject of herbicide registration.Woody SpeciesInvades: forests, savanna, grassland, plantations, rivers, coastal dunesCultivated for: ornament, hedging",Origin: C Amer,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Cestrum,nocturnum,,night flowering jassamine,XX,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Cestrum,nocturnum, ,,,,,Region of origin - C Amer; Extent of spread - localised ; Means of spread - ornamental,,CRC for Weeds Tech Series Report # 3
• Cestrum,parqui,,"green cestrum, Chilean cestrum, green poison-berry, willow-leaved jessamine",HXw,NLP,NSW; Vic; Qld,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Cestrum,parqui, ,"green cestrum, Chilean cestrum, green poison-berry, willow-leaved jessamine",,,,"it is no doubt an attractive garden plant but grows vigorously when neglected & is toxic to animals including cattle, sheep, horses, pigs & poultry; two alkaloids, parquine & solasonine, have been isolated & it is thought, but not confirmed, that these ac","originated in Chile & Peru & is one of the few S Amer plants to become a weed in Aust; it is an attractive ornamental which was introduced to several countries as a garden species, but it has become weedy in a few including S Afr, NZ, the US & Aust; it is","Noxious Weeds of Australia, P & C"
• Cestrum,parqui, ,"green cestrum, Chilean cestrum",,,,,,Weed Science List
• Cestrum,parqui, ,willowleaf jessamine,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Cestrum,parqui, ,"green cestrum, Chilean cestrum",,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Chamaesaracha,coronopus, ,small groundcherry,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Cyphomandra,betacea,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Datura,arborea,,angel's trumpet,,NLP,NT,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Datura,arborea, ,angel's trumpet,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Datura,arborea, ,angel's trumpet,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Datura,candida,,angel's trumpet,,NLP,NT,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Datura,candida, ,angel's trumpet,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Datura,candida, ,angel's trumpet,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Datura,cornigera,,thorn apple,,NLP,NT,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Datura,cornigera, ,thorn apple,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Datura,cornigera, ,thorn apple,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Datura,discolor, ,desert thornapple,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Datura,ferox,,fierce or longspine thornapple,,NL,Vic; Qld; NT; WA; Tas,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Datura,ferox, ,fierce or longspine thornapple,,,,"thornapples are widespread throughout Aust, occurring in all States but are of most imprt in NSW & Qld where they compete with many crops, they occur throughout NSW particularly in the north, through Qld mostly in the south east & central highlands & in V",originated in China,"Noxious Weeds of Australia, P & C"
• Datura,ferox, ,fierce or longspine thornapple,,,, Declared spp. under ARRPA,,Weed Science List
• Datura,ferox, ,fierce or longspine thornapple,,P,, Declared spp. under ARRPA,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Datura,inoxia,syn ,Downy thorn apple,,,,cultivated and waste groundPlant is poisonous,"SW USA, Mexico; introduced into the Old World","The Weed Flora of Egypt Boulos, L., & Nabil el-Hadidi, M"
• Datura,inoxia,,downy thornapple,XX,L,Vic; NT; WA,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Datura,inoxia, ,downy thornapple,,,,"thornapples are widespread throughout Aust, occurring in all States but are of most imprt in NSW & Qld where they compete with many crops, they occur throughout NSW particularly in the north, through Qld mostly in the south east & central highlands & in V","native of Mexico, the West Indies & S Amer ","Noxious Weeds of Australia, P & C"
• Datura,inoxia, ,downy thornapple,,,, Declared spp. under ARRPA,,Weed Science List
• Datura,inoxia, ,downy thornapple,,P,, Declared spp. under ARRPA,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Datura,leichhardtii,,native thornapple,H,L,Vic; NT; WA,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Datura,leichhardtii, ,native thornapple,,,,"thornapples are widespread throughout Aust, occurring in all States but are of most imprt in NSW & Qld where they compete with many crops, they occur throughout NSW particularly in the north, through Qld mostly in the south east & central highlands & in V",is believed to be native to the dry parts of Aust,"Noxious Weeds of Australia, P & C"
• Datura,leichhardtii, ,native thornapple,,,, Declared spp. under ARRPA,,Weed Science List
• Datura,leichhardtii, ,native thornapple,,P,, Declared spp. under ARRPA,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Datura,metel,,hoary or Hindu thornapple,,NL,Vic; NT; WA,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Datura,metel, ,hoary or Hindu thornapple,,,,"thornapples are widespread throughout Aust, occurring in all States but are of most imprt in NSW & Qld where they compete with many crops, they occur throughout NSW particularly in the north, through Qld mostly in the south east & central highlands & in V",native from Asia,"Noxious Weeds of Australia, P & C"
• Datura,metel, ,hoary or Hindu thornapple,,,, Declared spp. under ARRPA,,Weed Science List
• Datura,metel, ,Hindu datura,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Datura,metel, ,hoary or Hindu thornapple,,P,, Declared spp. under ARRPA,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Datura,meteloides,, thornapple,,L,Qld; NT,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Datura,meteloides, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Datura,meteloides, ,sacred datura,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Datura,spp., ,thornapple,,,, Declared spp. under ARRPA,,Weed Science List
• Datura,stramonium,,common thornapple,XX,NL,Vic; Qld; NT; WA; Tas,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Datura,stramonium, ,Common Thorn-apple,,,,"Dispersal: ?animal external,Water. Life Form: Annual. RISK: Serious threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 8","Am, In Victoria: Widespread, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Datura,stramonium, ,,,,,Weed of aquatic ecosystems Web Address: http://hammock.ifas.ufl.edu/text/fw/19934.htm,,"Florida Weeds, FAIRS."
• Datura,stramonium, ,Jimson weed,,,,"germ depends on age of seed; 90% germ at alt. temp of 20-30C in dark, 86% with alt. light/dark",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Datura,stramonium, ,Thorn Apple,,,,"D. tatula, D. bertolonii",All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Datura,stramonium, ,Jimsonweed ,,,,atrazine 1992 USA Cropland , http://www.pioneer.net/~heapian/ heapian(at)pioneer.net 1997,International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds. Ian Heap
• Datura,stramonium, ,Jimsonweed ,,,,atrazine 1995 Chile , http://www.pioneer.net/~heapian/ heapian(at)pioneer.net 1997,International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds. Ian Heap
• Datura,stramonium, ,common thornapple,,,,"all parts of the plant, particularly seeds, are poisonous & several children are known to have died in the early days of Aust settlement after eating seeds of D. stramonium; adult fatalities are not known in Aust; the toxic principles are several alkaloid","of uncertain origin but is possibly from the tropical regions of Central & South Amer; thornapples now occur in most temperate, subtropical, & tropical countries of the world & are major weeds in many summer crops, particularly cotton, soybeans, peanuts, ","Noxious Weeds of Australia, P & C"
• Datura,stramonium,syn ,"Jimson weed, Common thorn apple",,,,"waste ground, roadsides, orchards, fieldsPlant is toxic. Tincture of leaves is prescribed for spasmodic coughs & asthma; leaves used in fumigations & in cigarettes to ease asthma attacks",N Amer; widely naturalised throughout the world,"The Weed Flora of Egypt Boulos, L., & Nabil el-Hadidi, M"
• Datura,stramonium, ,common thornapple,,,, Declared spp. under ARRPA,,Weed Science List
• Datura,stramonium, var. chalybaea,"thorn apple, jimsonweed, purple thorn apple",,,,"Datura stramonium is a tall, erect, rank-smelling annual herb. The species is becoming increasingly troublesome as a weed. It is in more than 40 crops and is now a weed in almost 100 countries, making it more widespread than Cyperus rotundus, the world's ",very widely distributed the temperate and tropical areas.,WORLD WEEDS Natural Histories & Distribution - Holm et. al.
• Datura,stramonium, ,jimsonweed,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Datura,stramonium, ,common thornapple,,P,, Declared spp. under ARRPA,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Datura,tatula,, thornapple,,L,Qld; NT,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Datura,wrightii,,hairy thornapple,,L,Vic; NT; WA,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Datura,wrightii, ,hairy thornapple,,,,"thornapples are widespread throughout Aust, occurring in all States but are of most imprt in NSW & Qld where they compete with many crops, they occur throughout NSW particularly in the north, through Qld mostly in the south east & central highlands & in V",originated in Mexico & the southern US,"Noxious Weeds of Australia, P & C"
• Datura,wrightii, ,hairy thornapple,,,, Declared spp. under ARRPA,,Weed Science List
• Datura,wrightii, ,hairy thornapple,,P,, Declared spp. under ARRPA,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Datura ,ferox, ,large thorn apple,,,,"Declared WeedHerbaceous SpeciesInvades: wasteland, cultivated lands, roadsides, riverbanks, riverbeds",Origin: Asia,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Datura ,ferox, ,large thorn apple,,,,"Declared WeedHerbaceous SpeciesInvades: wasteland, cultivated lands, roadsides, riverbanks, riverbeds",Origin: Asia,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Datura ,inoxa, ,downy thorn apple,,,,"Herbaceous SpeciesInvades: roadsides, riverbeds, edges of damsCultivated for: ornamental","Origin: C & S Amer, W Indies",Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Datura ,inoxa, ,downy thorn apple,,,,"Herbaceous SpeciesInvades: roadsides, riverbeds, edges of damsCultivated for: ornamental","Origin: C & S Amer, W Indies",Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Datura ,stramonium, ,common thorn apple,,,,"Declared WeedHerbaceous SpeciesInvades: wasteland, cultivated lands, roadsides, riverbanks, riverbeds","Origin: uncertain, probably tropical C & S Amer",Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Datura ,stramonium, ,common thorn apple,,,,"Declared WeedHerbaceous SpeciesInvades: wasteland, cultivated lands, roadsides, riverbanks, riverbeds","Origin: uncertain, probably tropical C & S Amer",Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Hyoscyamus,agrestis, ,,,,,"presoak for 2days in 0.03% soln of GA, then germ on moistened filter paper; germ at 20-25C in dark",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Hyoscyamus,albus,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Hyoscyamus,albus, ,White Henbane,,,,"H. aureus, H. varians",Southern Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Hyoscyamus,albus, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Hyoscyamus,muticus, ,,,,,reported in French on seed dormancy,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Hyoscyamus,niger, , ,,,,PRELIMINARY LIST OF PLANT SPECIES OF CONCERN: Need more information on invasiveness,,Pacific Northwest Exotic Pest Plant Council (Weed)
• Hyoscyamus,niger,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Hyoscyamus,niger, ,Black Henbane ,,,,"California Noxious Weed Control Projects Inventory (CNWCPI) A combined government/private/non-profit effort to establish a database, accessible through the Internet, containing information on noxious weed control in California. This information will f",,Californian Noxious Weed
• Hyoscyamus,niger, ,Black henbane,,,,"pretreat with conc. sulfuric acid for 75 sec, wash in running water 4-5hrs; germ in 43days",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Hyoscyamus,niger, ,Henbane,,,,"H. bohemicus, H. auriculatus, H. pallidus",All Europe,Hanf "Arable Weeds of the World"
• Hyoscyamus,niger, ,henbane,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Hyoscyamus,niger, ,black henbane,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Jaborosa,runcinata, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Jaborosa,runcinata, ,,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Latua,pubiflora, ,,,,,"Latua pubiflora is listed in the USA as X - present as weed (the species is present & behaves as a aweed, but its rank of importance is unknown)",,Holm et al 'A Geographical Atlas of World Weeds'
• Lycianthes,asarifolia, ,,,P,,"This plant was sent to me from Houston Texas - As a weed that home owners want to kill because it is so aggressive. They said, ""What is thisweed? and How do we get rid of it?"". It grows trailing on the ground on a stem rooting at the nodes (like a sto",,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Lycium,afrum,,Kaffir boxthorn,X,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Lycium,barbarum,,Chinese boxthorn,XX,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Lycium,barbarum, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Lycium,ferocissimum,,"African boxthorn, boxthorn",HHXXXXHX,NL,NSW; Vic; Qld; SA; NT,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Lycium,ferocissimum, ,African Box-thorn,,,,"Dispersal: ?Bird, internal,?Water,animal (not bird), internal. Life Form: Large Small to medium shrubhrub. RISK: Very serious threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 1,4,8,12","Introduced deliberately from: S Af, In Victoria: Widespread, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Lycium,ferocissimum, ,"African boxthorn, boxthorn",,,,"it makes an effective hedge plant, producing a dense thicket armed with sharp spines which forms an impenetrable barrier to farm animals including poultry; it also provides an effective windbreak; when clipped it is still capable of producing flowers & se",is a native to the southern coast of Afr; it has not been widely distributed throughout the world & is considered troublesome only in Aust & NZ,"Noxious Weeds of Australia, P & C"
• Lycium,ferocissimum, ,African boxthorn ,,,," PROCLAIMED PLANTS IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA, AUGUST 1996 # Plant must be destroyed. * Control required in part of the State only. + Control not required. n Notifiable in part of the State. N Notifiable throughout the State. c Special program in south-ea"," Sale of Plant, or Produce, Goods etc. Prohibited in South Australia (Section 54(1) (2) applies) Roadside control cost to be met by adjoining Landholder (Section 60 applies) Mov","South Australian ""Proclaimed Plants"" (Weed)"
• Lycium,ferocissimum, ,"African boxthorn, boxthorn",,,,,,Weed Science List
• Lycium,ferocissimum, ,"African boxthorn, boxthorn",,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Lycium,halimifolium, ,matrimonyvine,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Lycopersicon,esculentum,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Nicandra,physalodes,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Nicandra,physalodes, ,Apple-of-Peru,,,,"55% germ of seed pretreated with conc. sulfuric acid for 15min, then sown in greenhouse",,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Nicandra,physalodes, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Nicandra,physalodes, ,"apple of Peru, Peru apple, Chinese lantern, wild gooseberry",,,,"Nicandra physalodes is an erect, branched annual which can grow to 2m and is mainly a weed of arable land, is in 35 crops of 35 countries.",world wide,WORLD WEEDS Natural Histories & Distribution - Holm et. al.
• Nicotiana,glauca,,tree tobacco,HXX,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Nicotiana,glauca, ,Tree Tabacco ,,,,"California Noxious Weed Control Projects Inventory (CNWCPI) A combined government/private/non-profit effort to establish a database, accessible through the Internet, containing information on noxious weed control in California. This information will f",,Californian Noxious Weed
• Nicotiana,glauca, ,Tree Tobacco,,,,"Dispersal: animal external,Water,Wind. Life Form: Large Small to medium shrubhrub. RISK: Serious threat to one or vegetation formations (Victoria). Vegetation Formations Invaded: 1,3,4,12","Introduced deliberately from: Arg, In Victoria: Widespread, medium to large populations",Environmental Weed Invasions In Victoria
• Nicotiana,glauca, ,tree tobacco,,,,From lists and sources by Faith Campbell and John Randall,,"Plant Invaders of Parks and Natural Areas, US National Parks, weed"
• Nicotiana,glauca, ,wild tobacco,,,,"Proposed Declared Weed. Woody SpeciesInvades: roadsides, road cuttings, wastelands, riverbanks, riverbedsCultivated for: ornament",Origin: S Amer,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Nicotiana,glauca, ,wild tobacco,,,,"Proposed Declared Weed. Woody SpeciesInvades: roadsides, road cuttings, wastelands, riverbanks, riverbedsCultivated for: ornament",Origin: S Amer,Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. (Weeds)
• Nicotiana,glauca, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Nicotiana,glauca, ,tree tobacco,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Nicotiana,tabacum,,tobacco,,NL,Vic,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Nicotiana,tabacum, ,tobacco,,,,"tobacco seed is normally sown in beds in August, the seedlings planted out in November, & the crop harvested in February; if mature plants were allowed to survive through winter, or if seedlings survived through summer, they could carry diseases from one ",,"Noxious Weeds of Australia, P & C"
• Nicotiana,tabacum, ,tobacco,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Nicotiana,trigonophylla, ,desert tobacco,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Nierembergia,hippomanica,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Nierembergia,hippomanica, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Petunia,axillaris,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Petunia,parviflora, ,,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Physalis,alkekengi,,,,N,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Physalis,alkekengi, ,Chinese lantern plant,,,,seeds germ in 1st spring; seeds placed in germinator exposed to temps similar to those prevailing outdoors until germ; 92% germ,,Germination & Establishment of Weeds for Experimental Purposes
• Physalis,alkekengi, ,Chinese lanternplant,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Physalis,angulata, ,wild cape gooseberry,,,,", pasture, roadsides",Fiji; French Polynesia; Guam; New Caledonia; Papua New Guinea; American Samoa; Western Samoa; Solomon Islands; Tonga; Vanuatu ,""Weeds of Agriculture and Plantation Foresty in the Southern and Western Pacific", D.F Waterhouse"
• Physalis,angulata,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Physalis,angulata, ,,,,,Weed of aquatic ecosystems Web Address: http://hammock.ifas.ufl.edu/text/fw/19934.htm,,"Florida Weeds, FAIRS."
• Physalis,angulata,syn Physalis peruviana,,,,,"sunny to somewhat shaded, not toodry fertile spots in fields, gardens, wastelands, dunes, fallow fields, along roads, in open forests, forest margins; from 0-1500m alt; flowers all the year round; upland rice fields, a weed of minor importance, ","S Amer, pantropical; throughout Indonesia,except Sulawesi & Irian Jaya,as far as known","Weeds of Rice in Indonesia, Soerjani et al, 1987"
• Physalis,angulata, ,"annual groundcherry, wild cape gooseberry, wild gooseberry, wild physalis, cutleaf groundcherry",,,,"Physalis angulata is a weed of 29 tropical and subtropical crops in 63 countries and is frequently reported as a weed of summer annual and perennial plantation crops. It infests primarily annual crops but also occurs in orchard, nurseries, fallow land, r",native to tropical America;widely distributed tropical and subtropical weed,WORLD WEEDS Natural Histories & Distribution - Holm et. al.
• Physalis,heterophylla, ,clammy groundcherry,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Physalis,ixocarpa,,Ground cherry,,NP,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Physalis,ixocarpa, ,Ground cherry,,,,,,Weed Science List
• Physalis,ixocarpa, ,tomatillo groundcherry,,,,"Source: "USA Composite List of Weeds" published by WSSA WEEDS 14: 347-386, 1966",,WSSA WEEDS 14: 1966
• Physalis,ixocarpa, ,Ground cherry,,P,,,,Western Australian Prohibited List
• Physalis,lanceifolia,,,,,,,,Australian Naturalised and/or Noxious Taxa
• Physalis,lanceifo